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\n\u0633\u0646\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 Pierre Boulanger
\n(3) \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0628:
\nLe cin\u00e9ma colonial de l\u2019Atlantide \u00e0 Lawrence d\u2019Arabie \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a (4) \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0628:
\nHistoire Du cin\u00e9ma Au Maroc – Le cin\u00e9ma Colonial-<\/p>\n

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(\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 Lamotte):
\n– \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1896\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: \u00ab\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u00bb\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646: \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.
\n– \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u00ab\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u00bb\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0631.\u00bb(6)
\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f Jean Marc Lamotte\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1394 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647: \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 1800 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1394 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 Lumi\u00e8re \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f (7) Lamotte<\/p>\n

– \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 Fantasia \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1902<\/strong>
\n\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631(8) \u0623\u0646: \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 (1897)\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 561 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627… \u0648\u0623\u0646 F\u00e9lix Mesguich \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1902\u00bb(9). \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0625\u0646 561 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1897\u060c \u0641\u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u061f \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631 F\u00e9lix Mesguich \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647(10) \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1907. \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0643\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0648\u0631 F\u00e9lix mesguich \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0643\u0631\u0629 [\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0629]\u060c \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629\u00bb (11)\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n

– \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1912<\/strong>
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\u0628\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u062d<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- Jaidi Moulay Idriss, Histoire Du cin\u00e9ma Au Maroc \u2013 Le cin\u00e9ma Colonial-, almajal, rabat, 2001, p.9. et Boulanger Pierre, Le cin\u00e9ma Colonial de l\u2019Atlantide \u00e0 Lawrence d\u2019Arabie SEGHERS, paris 1975, p.23
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\nHistoire Du cin\u00e9ma Au Maroc Le cin\u00e9ma Colonial-
\n-3 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 Pierre Boulanger (\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 le cin\u00e9ma colonial) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0643\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f Henri Langlois \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647: Le cin\u00e9ma Colonial de l\u2019Atlantide \u00e0 Lawrence d\u2019Arabie \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 SEGHERS \u0633\u0646\u0629 1975\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628.
\n-4 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a (\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 2 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 histoire du cin\u00e9ma au Maroc) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 Histoire du cin\u00e9ma au Maroc \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637.
\n-5 Boulanger Pierre, op.cit.,p.20
\n-6 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 Jean Marc Lamotte \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 pierre Boulanger\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u00ab \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627: \u0648\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 673 – \u0645\u0646 9 \u0625\u0644\u0649 15 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0632 2015\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c 2015\u060c \u0635.15
\n-7 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 :https:\/\/youtu.be\/lHaGZOTsh9M
\n8- JaidiMoulayIdriss, op.cit., p.9
\n\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 6\u060c \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637-\u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c 1981\u060c \u0635.286
\n9- JaidiMoulayIdriss, op.cit., p.9
\n10- Mesguich Felix, Tours de manivelle – souvenirs d\u2019un chasseur d\u2019images, Grasset, Paris, 1933, pp.144-149.
\n11- Salvin David Henry, colonial cinema and imperial France 1919-1939: white blind spot male fantasies, settler myths, JHU Press, Baltimore, United states, 2001, p.101
\n12- JaidiMoulayIdriss, op.cit., p.9
\n13- \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 670\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 6 \u0634\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0631 1913\u060c \u0635.2
\n14- Schneider Simona, tanger fait son cin\u00e9ma portrait de la ville en images, la pens\u00e9e de midi, n23, Actes Sud, Marseille, 2008, p.81
\n15- Ibid. , p.81
\n16- \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0646\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1905\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629.
\n17- Bottomore Stephan, the sultan and the cinematograph, Earlypopularvisual culture, Routledge, London, 2008,p.132<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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